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Crash Course Ep 7 The American Revolution

Added May 06, 2017 •

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hi I'm John Green this is Crash Course u.s. history there are two kinds of revolutions those were things do change and those were things don't change like not to get all crash course mathematics anywhere Anything But A revolution is a 360 degree turn which leaves you back where you started having with the French Revolution basically they just exchange to Bourbon for a Bonaparte turn it off Reggie this is American history and shut up French people about how if it weren't for your support in the American Revolution this would be the history of Southern Canada but other revolutions like the Revolution actually change things so which was the American Revolution little of column a little column a bunch of rich white guys running the show all the way to image of rich white guys running the show from the show in Portugal in Spain United States became the country that invented baseball the Model T and competitive eating so you're right me from the past and in the end what do you care more about ideas or policy defines whether you think the American Revolution really was revolutionary the war for independence if you been watching crash course you'll know that we're not big on do it is more details but we're obligated to tell you something about it went to work they captured Boston and New York and Charleston but all the colonists had to do was not quit I mean at home field advantage creepy eyes down here good morning had a funny voice everybody knows that don't put it on your AP test what do I know about Washington questions which is a pretty impressive Victory especially since he'd just come off a string of defeats so you wasn't able to turn it into an all-out route and ended up having to spend a miserable winter in Valley Forge but remember generals can we get to eat wingman the British mostly lost because of terrible generally the country Citi Trend continued with the British taking Charleston but then continuing to lose smaller-scale battles and be harassed by Gorilla style tactics rendered was at Yorktown in 1781 Lord Cornwallis troops on a peninsula surrounded on three sides by water filled with friendships British lost the war so what is this song mean for actual people will Americans like to think that we all pitched in together and got rid of British tyranny and lived happily ever after all so that the Continental Army the bravest most loyal and most effective fighting force in human history thanks to the leadership of George Washington but actually well yeah let's go to the thought bubble paid as Joseph Plumb Martin a soldier from Connecticut wrote they felt they were starving in detail for an ungrateful people who did not care what became of us and many other what is didn't fight for independence they fought with the British others were passing this like the Quakers walking at their property confiscated when they refused invite and in colonial America of course losing property also set losing right and for slave the so-called Fight For Freedom was very different than it was for Continental soldiers because of loyalty to Britain in the war could mean freedom in 17:7 British Governor Ward Dunmore issued a proclamation that rented freedom to any slave who deserted his master in fought for the British something like five thousand slaves took him up on the offer and then it many slaves all the revolution has a chance to escape Boston King left a cruel master and later wrote I determined to go to Charlestown and throw myself into the hands of the English they were sing to me red leaf and I began to feel the happiness of Liberty of which I knew nothing before 100,000 slaves are estimated to have fled to the British now many slaves were returned to the faster than 15,000 left the u.s. win the British did slavery in all of its territory by 1843 and without a civil thanks also profoundly affected by the Revolutionary War generally they wanted to stay out of it and the colonists mostly wanted them to remain neutral to like the Continental was eager to remind the Iroquois of their history of neutrality writing this is a family quarrel between us and old England you Indians are not concerned in it we don't wish you to take up the hatchet the king's troops we desire you to remain at home and not join on either side but keep the hatchet buried deep right next daylight is join the Patriots by the against the Iroquois sometimes they were divisions within tribes themselves like with the Cherokees younger cheese tended to side with the British older ones with the Americans which should be mentioned that unsurprisingly American troops were particularly brutal to American Indians who fought for the British burning their Villages and enslaving prisoners contrary to the accepted and a few minutes and was really about as Thomas Jefferson would have it the inalienable rights of life liberty and the pursuit of happiness than the Indians were definitely the losers because they can get any of those rights we know slaves and Native Americans didn't get much out of the Revolutionary War how did it go for women not great spotted several battles once even pulling a bullet out of her own leg but women didn't get much out of the Revolution they were basically still considered Wards of their husbands or if they were unmarried that's a bear fatherhood became really important it held it for the Republic to survive it was necessary to have a well-educated citizenry and since women were the primary Raiders they themselves needed to be educated so they could took quote Founding Father Benjamin Rush instruct their sons in the principles of Liberty and government vote on property War didn't end slavery didn't much change the roles of women and it didn't displace the elite land-owning pasty white guy leadership of America so what was revolutionary is a lot of Witcher summed up in a single sentence of the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal that they are endowed by their creator add certain unalienable rights that among these are life liberty and the pursuit of happiness so when the colonies became States they all created constitutions which open to voting to more people almost 8 still have property qualifications for voting the bar was bored so there were far more voters than there had been although they were mostly white male but stay another aspect of the American Revolution that was pretty rough where was the beginning of true religious freedom play quit Independence the Church of England cease to be the Church of America and some Founders like Thomas Jefferson were deists believing that God had did the world begin stepped away to like create other universes or try to build a boulder too big for him to lift Jefferson called for a wall of separation between church and state that's best in how do you do the bill for establishing religious freedom in Virginia Which Jefferson was so proud of that he hadn't mentioned on his Tombstone and the American Revolution profoundly changed the economy to like all these do ideas of Liberty led to a decline in apprenticeship and indentured servitude and immediately after the war you began to see the split between the North with its Reliance on paid labor and the South with its reliance slavery slavery was actually on the decline in the South until Eli Whitney went and invented the cotton gin in 1793 which made it possible to turn a profit growing inferior American cut is NB reinvigorated slavery Innovation for the mystery document  the rules are simple history document get it wrong shock pen get it right and equality of property constantly operating to destroy combinations of powerful families is the very soul of public while this continues the people will inevitably possess both power and freedom when this is lost power departs Liberty expires and a commonwealth inevitably assume some other form let the people have property and they will have power a power that will forever be exerted to prevent a restriction of the press the abolition of trial by jury or the abridgment of any other privilege saying why did you put communism in my mystery documents we got a fan of wealth distribution but it isn't marks is a he's not American be wasn't born they were a bunch of far-left hippies in early America with their hemp growing and their Liberty espousing I'm going to guess that it is noted lexicographer Noah Webster still that was my biggest Victory to date early Americans proposed the idea of equality of property which is very different from the way we imagined Liberty today at the American Revolution make the most common complaint among American High School students is that the Revolution was deeply hypocritical I mean how could this guy right that all men were created equal when he himself slaves and had kids with one of them even crazier American colonists often referred to themselves as slaves because they were denied the right to have a vote in Parliament about there taxation people recognize that it was a smidge hypocritical to claim to be enslaved by British taxation while they themselves were actually enslaving people and very few make the leap to say that Liberty should mean freedom for the slaves one exception was James Otis of Massachusetts who wrote concerning America slaves than unless they were free there could be no Liberty what man is or Ever Was Born Free if every man is not putting this guy and this guy were the cream of the colonial Elites and so they held I made arguments against Evolution like many historians now argue that Jefferson was trying to condemn slavery in the Declaration of Independence but without slavery he wouldn't have had his amazing life I mean been working you couldn't have designed Monticello or stolen all those ideas from John Locke and speaking of property against tyranny couldn't very well turn around and take slaves who after all were considered property I mean Jefferson once calculated that his slaves gave him a better Financial return his real estate Investments being said there were many and frequent protests against slavery between 1777 and 1804 all states north of Maryland got rid of slavery although most did so at a very slow pace and we're careful not to deprive slave owners of the value of their play cuz ladies 1830 they were still about 3,500 slaves in the North End on the eve of the Civil War that were still 18 in New Jersey New Jersey so the number of free people of color in the US skyrocketed there were fewer than 10,000 in 1776 by 1810 they were nearly 200,000 free black American so in the end real change came as it usually does through a revolutionary event but through a revolutionary process to me the really novel idea that emerge from the American Revolution was of American equality not obviously this was and Hanes a vastly unequal social order but I'm talking about the kind of equality that Gordon would describe in his famous book The radicalism of the American Revolution is inherently better than any other usually determined by differential to their better should be treated with why the opportunity to succeed because of who their parents were catalyze change not just in America but around the world and while the US no longer weeds and equality of opportunity that early America idea that we are all equal in our capacity to reason and to work became the foundation nachos for the American Revolution but for many others that would come afterward thanks watching I'll see you next week produced and directed by Stan Miller edited by Stan and Mark Olson our associate producer is Danica Johnson the script supervisor is marriage danco the show is written by High School history teacher Raul Meyer and myself and our Graphics team is thought bubble if you have questions about today's video good news there are historians waiting for you in common so ask away thanks for watching gorgeous me say in my hometown don't forget to be awesome

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Crash Course Ep 7 The American Revolution

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